| EMERGING DISEASES |
| Globalization impacts food safety standards in the United States |
July 2008: Multifaceted strategies may be necessary to combat the increased risks. |
| IDSA updates treatment recommendations for blastomycosis |
July 2008: Amphotericin B recommended as primary therapy for more serious blastomycosis. |
| Human Microbiome Project will improve knowledge about microbes’ effects on human health |
July 2008: Comprehensive study of microbial communities may lead to sweeping discoveries. |
| NIAID outlines agenda for TB research |
July 2008: MDR and XDR strains require focus. |
| TB reemerging in Europe |
July 2008: Recent data indicate TB may be more widespread than many people believe. |
| Connecticut attorney general, IDSA settle Lyme disease case |
June 2008: As part of the settlement, the IDSA will conduct a new review of the Lyme disease guidelines. |
| Campylobacter outbreak
among mountain bikers linked to mud |
May 2008 |
| Multiple factors led
to mumps outbreak in Midwest |
May 2008 |
| Acute hepatitis
immunization program successful in Italy |
April 2008: Fourteen years after universal vaccination
program launched, challenges remain. |
| Bloodstream
infections may increase risk for MRSA mortality |
April 2008: Comorbidities, including diabetes and HIV, and
increased age also were associated with greater fatality from invasive
MRSA. |
| ED visits for skin,
tissue infections on the rise |
March 2008: Majority of epidemic cases have been mild and
are not cause for alarm. |
| Colombia experiencing
an epidemic of cutaneous leishmaniasis |
February 2008: More children and women are affected as the
parasite adapts to new regions; trials are underway for new treatment. |
| Experts warn of
potential dengue fever outbreak in the United States |
February 2008: David Morens, MD, and Anthony Fauci, MD,
caution that dengue fever could pose a significant threat to the continental
United States. |
| One Health
Initiative will unite veterinary, human medicine |
February 2008: Experts urge collaboration between
veterinarians, physicians in wake of emerging zoonotic diseases, potential
epidemics. |
| Experts worry dengue
outbreak in Puerto Rico could escalate |
January 2008: Dengue virus serotype 1 has been detected in
Puerto Rico for the first time in eight years. |
| Japanese
encephalitis could emerge in North America |
January 2008 |
| HIV/AIDS & STDS |
| CVD increasing in patients with HIV |
August 2008: Extended survival and ART may put patients with HIV at risk for cardiovascular events. |
| U.S. Senate passes landmark legislation to fight infectious disease, discrimination |
August 2008 |
| Vaginal microbicides may prevent infection more effectively in men than women |
August 2008: Microbicide resistance was predicted using mathematical models. |
| Initiation of modern HAART led to decrease in drug resistance |
July 2008: Odds of drug resistance reduced in group of patients receiving boosted protease inhibitors. |
| Condom distribution program increased availability, acquisition and use |
June 2008: An increase in distribution with web-based ordering system was observed. |
| Efavirenz plus two NRTIs may improve virologic efficacy |
June 2008: Study data highlight the complexity of choosing initial therapy. |
| Earlier ART may improve HIV
clinical outcomes |
May 2008 |
| Gains and setbacks
reported in African HIV testing scale-up efforts |
May 2008 HIV testing in Africa is a mix of program
innovation, funding increases, worker shortages and technological advances.
|
| FDA: Two HIV drugs may be
linked with increased coronary risk |
April 2008 |
| Revised pediatric HIV
treatment guidelines released |
April 2008: New criteria for excluding infection in
HIV-exposed infants and children may ease parents’ concerns earlier and
make management easier. |
| Routine HIV testing in
EDs linked to increased diagnoses |
April 2008: Programs were cost effective when compared with
the economic and health costs of delayed HIV diagnoses. |
| Social factors play a
role in U.S. HIV/AIDS epidemic among black women |
April 2008: Risk for HIV is higher among black women than
white women, independent of risk behavior. |
| STDs more common among
adolescent girls than previously believed |
April 2008: Even among girls who reported only one lifetime
sex partner, the STD prevalence was 20.4%. |
| A multifaceted approach
may be needed to reduce HIV risk in MSM |
March 2008: MSM often face a syndemic of psychosocial
conditions that may be driving and exacerbating the HIV/AIDS epidemic in this
population. |
| Circumcision of
men may decrease STD risk in women |
March 2008: Male circumcision may not be associated with a
reduced risk for HIV acquisition in women. |
| Scientific barriers
render an HIV vaccine unfeasible at present time |
March 2008: Further efficacy trials may shift funding and
focus away from much needed basic science. |
| HAART associated with
decreased pulmonary HIV burden |
February 2008: HAART may help decrease patients’
susceptibility to other infections. |
| Methamphetamine prevention
programs may overlook many patients at risk for HIV |
February 2008: Experts say these programs are worthwhile,
but the majority of patients who report unsafe sex are not methamphetamine
users. |
| Asian patients may be
overlooked for HIV testing |
January 2008: In Chicago, HIV testing rates lower for
residents in Chinatown than in other neighborhoods. |
| HIV more prevalent among
black MSM despite fewer risk behaviors |
January 2008 |
| HIV/AIDS rate in
Washington, D.C. highest among U.S. cities |
January 2008: Public health officials launch programs to
address racial disparity, infant HIV and late diagnosis in wake of grim report
on HIV. |
| Male circumcision
may not be a universal HIV prevention tool |
January 2008: African trials showed male circumcision
associated with a 60% reduction in HIV risk, but new studies did not show the
same efficacy. |
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